Key insights
Eight different types of vaccine passport policies were identified.
Larger countries with regional governmental jurisdictions did not have federal vaccine passport (VP) policies. Regional authorities decided whether and how to impose vaccine passport systems and associated mobility restrictions e.g., Brazil, China and the United States.
Legend
A. International digital vaccine passport policies provided passports to prove immunity status when traveling from one country to another.
B. Domestic digital vaccine passport policies provided passports to prove immunity status when entering public spaces.
Not in use domestically and internationally
1 VP not in use or not enforced. Available but not compulsory.
Partially in use domestically and internationally
2 Mandatory for in-bound travellers.
3 A. Not mandatory for in-bound travellers.
B. Domestic use decided by regional governments.
4 A. Mandatory for foreign visitors but not for returning nationals and residents.
B. Domestic use decided by regional governments.
5 A. Mandatory for in-bound travellers.
B. Domestic use decided by regional governments.
6 A. Mandatory for foreign visitors, but not for returning nationals and residents.
B. Domestic use decided at a federal level.
7 A. Mandatory self-isolation for visitors.
In use domestically and internationally
8 Mandatory self-isolation for visitors, regardless of possession of vaccine passport. Federal policy for domestic use.